Fundamental concepts in First five chapters
Quick Review for first 4 chapters of Office 20013
1. A computer is an electronic device capable of performing arithmetic and logical operations
2. A computer system consists of two aspects: hardware and software.
3. The central processing unit (CPU), the main memory, secondary storage, input devices, output devices, communication
devices are the most important hardware components.
4. A motherboard allows all the important hardware components of your computer to receive power and communicate with
one another. A motherboard is also important, but next to the above six compoenents.
5. When the power is switched off, everything in main memory is lost.
6. Secondary storage provides permanent storage for information. Hard disks, flash drives, floppy disks, ZIP disks, CD-ROMs, and tapes are examples of secondary storage.
7. Input to the computer is done via an input device. Two common input devices are the keyboard and the mouse.
8. The computer sends its output to an output device, such as the computer screen.
9. Touchscreens serve as both input and output devices.
10. software are programs run by the computer.
11. All programs must be brought into main memory from the secondary storage before they can be executed.
12. The operating monitors the overall activity of the computer and provides services.
13. The most basic language of a computer is a sequence of 0s and 1s called machine language. Every computer directly understands its own specific machine language instructions.
14. A bit is a binary digit, 0 or 1.
15. A byte is a sequence of eight bits.
16. A sequence of 0s and 1s is referred to as a binary code or a binary number.
17. One kilobyte (KB) is 2^10=1,024 bytes. 1MB is 2^20=1,048,576 bytes. 1GB=2^30, 1TB=2^40, 1PB=2^50, 1EB=2^60 and 1ZB=2^70 bytes.
18. The American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) is a character-encoding scheme originally based on the English alphabet that encodes 128 specified characters - the numbers 0-9, the letters a-z and A-Z, some basic punctuation symbols, some control codes that originated with Teletype machines, and a blank space into the 7-bit binary integers.
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Notes and book (Quick check and key terms)
What is a computer?
hardware controlled by instructions (software)
What are the components of a computer?
CPU (central processing unit)
memory
storage devices
output devices
input devices
communication devices
Mouse
primary mouse button
secondary mouse button
thumbwheel
operations
point
click
right-click
double-click
drag
right drag
What does a computer do?
accepts data input, then processes data, stores data and produces derived information (output).
Why is a computer so powerful?
fast and powerful hardware
more importantly, robust operating system and various application software
What are two categories of software?
System Software
Application Software
Operating System
Windows XP (the successor of Windows 2000). ( It is different from Office XP, which is the predecessor of Office 2003)
Login user name and password
Help System
Recycle bin
Multiple tasking, multiple windows, Multiple programs,
Switch between programs
Windows, resize, close, maximize, minimize
Dialog box
Start a computer
Shut down computer
What is User Interface?
GUI
Taskbar
start button
notification area
mouse pointer
What is a menu? (You are not in a restaurant)
Submenu, or options
Screen tip
Desktop
Icon
File system
Tree structure
Path
file, filename, Extension name
organize your files into different folders, sub folders
Windows Explore
My computer,
different drives (local or network)
Each drive has a file system
Expand and collapse sub folders
navigate through file system
copy a file
delete a file
create new folder
delete a folder
rename a file
search a file
different views
sort files
Network and the Internet
WAN
URL
Web Brower
HTTP
domains .gov .com .org etc.
IP address
(Internet Explore)
Open a new window
Favorite
Navigate Back and forth
Click hyperlink
Stopping a webpage transfer
Refresh a webpage
History list
Save a webpage
View source code a webpage
Saving a web page graphic
Attach
Contacts
Computing environment and personal data storage at SUCO
Personal login name and password
P drive
W drive
Outlook email service
Decimal number and binary number conversion
Typical shortcut keys
hardware components
file name, unique, extension
file system, hierachical structure, directory
file explore, computer explore, views
software
operating system, application software
versions
shortcut keys
binary – decimal conversion
w drive, student URL
mouse shapes
URL
GUI
HTTP
HTML
tags
domain name, ip address