October 21-29, 1532 |
Henry VIII and Francis I met in Calais and Boulogne: The stated primary purpose of the meeting was for the monarchs to plan a joint crusade against the Turks. Henry VIII solicited the support of Francis I in the "Great Matter." Francis promised to use his influence with the Pope. Francis sent two cardinals to Rome to inform Clement VII of the alliance and to assure the Pope of his protection against any threats from Emperor Charles V. As a sign of their friendship, Henry VIII sent his natural son, the duke of Richmond, to be brought up in France, whille the dukes of Norfolk and Suffolk were admitted to the order of St. Michael and Montmorency and Chabot became members of the order of the Garter. The Provost of Paris on behalf of Francis I presented Anne Boleyn with a diamond as a token of his esteem. |
January 25, 1533 | Henry VIII secretly married Anne Boleyn: Thomas Cranmer recorded that the ceremony took place on or about the Feast of the Conversion of St. Paul (January 25) |
February 5, 1533 | The Ambassador of Charles V records the departure of the previous French Ambassador and the arrival of Dinteville |
February 24, 1533 | Anne Boleyn hosted a banquet for the French Ambassador |
February 25, 1533 | Henry VIII meets with Dinteville, William Du Bellay, and Beauvais. |
March 30, 1533 | Thomas Cranmer consecrated the Archbishop of Canterbury |
Lent 1533 |
Gérard Roussel, Marguerite de Navarre's almoner, preaches before large crowds at the Louvre: During Lent of 1531 had been accused by the Paris Faculty of Theology of preaching heresy before Marguerite de Navarre at the Louvre. During Lent of 1533, Roussel again stirred up the Theology Faculty with another series of sermons. Six bachelors in theology were instructed to preach in Paris against Lutheranism. |
April 11, 1533 | Good Friday |
April 12, 1533 | Anne Boleyn appeared in public as Queen for the first time on Easter Eve. |
April 13, 1533 | Easter |
April 16, 1533 | Francis I expressed concern that sermons of bachelors of theology were stirring up hostility towards Roussel: the sermons should attack errors of theology and not be attacks against individuals. |
May 9, 1533 | A University Committee composed of sixteen doctors appointed to draw up articles of heresy preached by Gérard Roussel. |
May 13, 1533 | Francis I banishes from Paris Noël Béda and bachelors for their attack on Roussel |
May 23. 1533 | Archbishop Thomas Cranmer declared Henry VIII's marriage to Anne Boleyn to be lawful: in doing so Cranmer usurped the authority of Pope Clement VII. |
June 1, 1533 | Anne Boleyn crowned queen in Westminster Abbey |
July 11, 1533 | Pope Clement VII condemned Henry VIII's marriage to Anne Boleyn: Henry VIII is given till September to take back Catherine under threat of excommunication. |
September 7, 1533 | Anne Boleyn gave birth to the future Queen Elizabeth I |
October, 1533 |
Students of the Collège de Navarre staged a satirical play attacking Marguerite de Navarre, the King's sister: Marguerite is depicted as preaching heresy at the instigation of a fury, called Mégère ( a pun on Roussel's name). The play came to Marguerite's attention, and the college was raided by the prévôt de Paris. Marguerite de Navarre's Miroir de l'âme pécheresse ('Mirror of the Sinful Soul') appeared on the University's list of banned books: Marguerite had published the text anonymously. Francis I came to his sister's defense and demanded an explanation from Nicholas Cop, the rector of the University. Cop insisted on the removal of the work from the list and demanded that an apology be sent to the king. |
October- November, 1533 |
Francis I mets Pope Clement VII in Marseilles:On October 27 the contract for the marriage of Henri duc d'Orléans, the son of Francis I, and Catherine de' Medici, the Pope's niece, was signed. No formal treaty emerged from meetings. Topics that were discussed were undoubtedly: the spread of heresy in France, the calling of a General Council, and the question of Henry VIII's divorce. Francis I sought the pope's support in his claims to territories in Italy. |
November 1, 1533 | Nicholas Cop's Sermon for All Saints Day. As the newly elected rector of the University of Paris Cop followed the custom of preaching on the feast of All Saints in the church of Mathurins. The evangelical tone of the sermon was perhaps influenced by Cop's close friend, John Calvin. Conservative members of the audience complained to the Parlement. Cop fled, taking with him the university's seal. Three months later he turned up in Basle. |
November 10, 1533 | Pope Clement VII issued a bull against French Lutherans. |
End of November, 1533 |
Parisian Parlement arrested presumed heretics: Some say 50, others 300, individuals are arrested. The Faculty of Theology establishes a commission to collaborate with the Parlement to investigates members of the faculty. Both Parlement and Faculty of Theology report their findings to Francis I, who responds, "We are angry and displeased to learn that...this damned heretical Lutheran sect is flourishing in our good town of Paris." |
December 10, 1533 | Francis I wrote letter to the Parlement expressing his displeasure about the spread of Lutheranism in Paris, and he vows to use all means to stamp it out. |