Augustus of Primaporta, c. 20 B.C.	Arringatore (Orator), Aulus Metellus, 1st c. B.C.
	Polykleitos, Doryphoros, 450-440 B.C.
Ara Pacis (Altar of Peace), 13-9 B.C.	Tellus Relief (Earth, Air, and Sea personified), from the Ara Pacis.
Aeneas Sacrificing, from the Ara Pacis.
Imperial Procession from the Ara Pacis	Detail of the Panathenaic procession from the Parthenon, c. 447-432 B.C.
Model of the Forum of Augustus with the Temple of Mars Ultor, late 1st c. B.C.	Remains of the Temple of Mars Ultor.
	Temple of Fortuna Virilis, late 2nd c. B.C.
Maison Carée, c. 19 B.C., Nîmes, France.	Pont du Gard (Aqueduct), late 1st c. B.C., near Nîmes, France.

Supplementary Web page

Roman Power and Roman Imperial Sculpture

Panathenaic Frieze from the Parthenon, c. 447-432 B.C.	Imperial Procession from the Ara Pacis, 13-9 B.C.

It is believed that the artists of the Ara Pacis were dependent upon the Parthenon frieze. Why would they have copied the older frieze, and what is distinctively Roman about the Ara Pacis frieze?

Polykleitos, Doryphoros, c. 450-440 B.C.

Art historians have shown that the portrait of Augustus is dependent on the Greek work. Why would a Roman artist have been interested in basing his work on the Doryphoros? What is essentially Roman about the Augustus statue?

Arringatore (Orator), Aulus Metellus, 1st c. B.C.	Augustus of Primaporta, c. 20 B.C.

Discuss the differences in style of Roman portraiture documented by this comparison. Discuss why Roman portraiture would have gone through such a dramatic shift in style.